Benefits

Low Cost

System verification tests

Fully automatic operation

High throughput – up to four Geminis can be operated with single computer

Capable of measuring low surface area materials

Keypad- or computer-operated with Windows-driven software

Choice of analysis mode (scan or equilibrate)

No pressure overshoot

Common mode rejection of free-space error effects

No thermal-diffusion errors

Optional stainless-steel Dewars

 21 CFR Part 11 software option

 IQ/OQ Validation service (optional)

Applications

Pharmaceuticals

Surface area and porosity play major roles in the purification, processing, blending, tableting, and packaging of pharmaceutical products as well as the drug’s useful shelf life, its dissolution rate, and bio-availability.

Ceramics

Surface area and porosity affect the curing and bonding of greenware and influence strength, texture, appearance, and density of finished goods. The surface area of glazes and glass frits affects shrinkage, crazing, and crawling.

Adsorbents

Knowledge of surface area, total pore volume, and pore size distribution is important for quality control of industrial adsorbents and in the development of separation processes. Surface area and porosity characteristics affect the selectivity of an adsorbent.

Activated Carbons

Surface area and porosity must be optimized within narrow ranges to accomplish gasoline vapor recovery in automobiles, solvent recovery in painting operations, or pollution controls in wastewater management.

Carbon Black

The wear lifetimes, traction, and performance of tires are related to the surface area of carbon blacks used in their production.

Catalyst

The active surface area and pore structure of catalysts influence production rates. Limiting the pore size allows only molecules of desired sizes to enter and exit, creating a selective catalyst that will produce primarily the desired product.

Paints and Coatings

The surface area of a pigment or filler influences the gloss, texture, color, color saturation, brightness, solids content, and film adhesion properties. The porosity of a print media coating is important in offset printing where it affects blistering, ink receptivity, and ink holdout.

Projectile Propellant

The burn rate of propellants is a function of surface area. Too high a rate can be dangerous; too low a rate can cause malfunctions and inaccuracy.

Medical Implants

Controlling the porosity of artificial bone allows a better imitation of real bone that is more acceptable to the body for tissue growth.

Cosmetics

Surface area is often used by cosmetic manufacturers as a predictor of particle size when agglomeration tendencies of the fine powders make analysis with a particle-sizing instrument difficult.

Aerospace

Surface area and porosity of heat shields and insulating materials affect weight and function.

Electronics

By selecting high surface area material with carefully designed pore networks, manufacturers of super-capacitors can minimize the use of costly raw materials while providing more exposed surface area for storage of charge.

Fuel Cells

Fuel cell electrodes require high surface area with controlled porosity to produce adequate power density.

Geoscience

Porosity is important in groundwater hydrology and petroleum exploration because it relates to the quantity of fluid that a structure can contain as well as how much effort will be required to extract it.

Accessories

A variety of sample preparation devices are available to prepare batches of samples for surface area and pore volume analysis. They combine flowing gas and/or vacuum with heat to remove atmospheric contaminants, such as water vapor and adsorbed gas, from the surface and pores of the sample.

FlowPrep 060 applies both heat and a stream of inert gas to the sample for removal of adsorbed contaminants from the surface and pores. With six degassing stations, this sample preparation unit lets you choose the temperature, gas, and flow rate.

VacPrep 061 offers two methods for removing adsorbed contaminants. In addition to flowing gas, this sample preparation unit provides vacuum to prepare samples by heating and evacuation.

SmartPrep 065 applies a stream of flowing gas over the sample at elevated temperatures to remove adsorbed contaminants. Temperature, ramp rates, and soak times of each sample are individually controlled on the six degas- sing stations by a computer.

Smart VacPrep 067 is an advanced six-port system that utilizes vacuum to prepare samples by heating and evacuation. Each of the ports may be operated independently. Samples may be added or removed from degas ports without disturbing the treatment of other samples undergoing preparation. Degassing automatically terminates when the samples have completed all programmed steps.